Certain matrices of interesting determinant
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Let $M_n$ be the $ntimes n$ matrix with entries
$$binom{i}{2j}+binom{j}{2i}, qquad text{for $1leq i,jleq n$}.$$
QUESTION. Is this true? There is some evidence. The determinant $det(M_{2n+1})=0$ and
$$det(M_{2n})=(-1)^nbinom{2n}n^22^{n(n-3)}.$$
linear-algebra determinants elementary-proofs
add a comment |
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5
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Let $M_n$ be the $ntimes n$ matrix with entries
$$binom{i}{2j}+binom{j}{2i}, qquad text{for $1leq i,jleq n$}.$$
QUESTION. Is this true? There is some evidence. The determinant $det(M_{2n+1})=0$ and
$$det(M_{2n})=(-1)^nbinom{2n}n^22^{n(n-3)}.$$
linear-algebra determinants elementary-proofs
5
The odd case is easy because $M_{2n-1}$ has an $n times n$ block of zeros at bottom right. In the even case, $M_{2n}$ still has that $n times n$ block of zeros, so its determinant is $(-1)^n$ times the product of the determinants of the $n times n$ blocks at top right and bottom left, which are equal because they are each other's transpose. So it comes down to a determinant of $i choose 2j$ for $i in [n-1,2n]$ and $j in [1,n]$, which must be known.
– Noam D. Elkies
4 hours ago
1
@NoamD.Elkies typo: $iin [n+1,2n]$
– Fedor Petrov
3 hours ago
add a comment |
up vote
5
down vote
favorite
up vote
5
down vote
favorite
Let $M_n$ be the $ntimes n$ matrix with entries
$$binom{i}{2j}+binom{j}{2i}, qquad text{for $1leq i,jleq n$}.$$
QUESTION. Is this true? There is some evidence. The determinant $det(M_{2n+1})=0$ and
$$det(M_{2n})=(-1)^nbinom{2n}n^22^{n(n-3)}.$$
linear-algebra determinants elementary-proofs
Let $M_n$ be the $ntimes n$ matrix with entries
$$binom{i}{2j}+binom{j}{2i}, qquad text{for $1leq i,jleq n$}.$$
QUESTION. Is this true? There is some evidence. The determinant $det(M_{2n+1})=0$ and
$$det(M_{2n})=(-1)^nbinom{2n}n^22^{n(n-3)}.$$
linear-algebra determinants elementary-proofs
linear-algebra determinants elementary-proofs
asked 4 hours ago
T. Amdeberhan
16.9k228124
16.9k228124
5
The odd case is easy because $M_{2n-1}$ has an $n times n$ block of zeros at bottom right. In the even case, $M_{2n}$ still has that $n times n$ block of zeros, so its determinant is $(-1)^n$ times the product of the determinants of the $n times n$ blocks at top right and bottom left, which are equal because they are each other's transpose. So it comes down to a determinant of $i choose 2j$ for $i in [n-1,2n]$ and $j in [1,n]$, which must be known.
– Noam D. Elkies
4 hours ago
1
@NoamD.Elkies typo: $iin [n+1,2n]$
– Fedor Petrov
3 hours ago
add a comment |
5
The odd case is easy because $M_{2n-1}$ has an $n times n$ block of zeros at bottom right. In the even case, $M_{2n}$ still has that $n times n$ block of zeros, so its determinant is $(-1)^n$ times the product of the determinants of the $n times n$ blocks at top right and bottom left, which are equal because they are each other's transpose. So it comes down to a determinant of $i choose 2j$ for $i in [n-1,2n]$ and $j in [1,n]$, which must be known.
– Noam D. Elkies
4 hours ago
1
@NoamD.Elkies typo: $iin [n+1,2n]$
– Fedor Petrov
3 hours ago
5
5
The odd case is easy because $M_{2n-1}$ has an $n times n$ block of zeros at bottom right. In the even case, $M_{2n}$ still has that $n times n$ block of zeros, so its determinant is $(-1)^n$ times the product of the determinants of the $n times n$ blocks at top right and bottom left, which are equal because they are each other's transpose. So it comes down to a determinant of $i choose 2j$ for $i in [n-1,2n]$ and $j in [1,n]$, which must be known.
– Noam D. Elkies
4 hours ago
The odd case is easy because $M_{2n-1}$ has an $n times n$ block of zeros at bottom right. In the even case, $M_{2n}$ still has that $n times n$ block of zeros, so its determinant is $(-1)^n$ times the product of the determinants of the $n times n$ blocks at top right and bottom left, which are equal because they are each other's transpose. So it comes down to a determinant of $i choose 2j$ for $i in [n-1,2n]$ and $j in [1,n]$, which must be known.
– Noam D. Elkies
4 hours ago
1
1
@NoamD.Elkies typo: $iin [n+1,2n]$
– Fedor Petrov
3 hours ago
@NoamD.Elkies typo: $iin [n+1,2n]$
– Fedor Petrov
3 hours ago
add a comment |
1 Answer
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Noam Elkies in the comments reduces the problem to evaluating the determinant of $binom{(n+1)+i}{2j+2}$, $i,j=0,1,dots,n-1$. It looks that in general the determinant $binom{N+i}{c_j+j}$, $i,j=0,dots,n-1$ for integers $0leqslant c_0leqslant c_1leqslant dots leqslant c_{n-1}$ may be calculated by the following trick.
Consider the Young diagrams $lambda,mu$ with rows length $c_0leqslant c_1leqslant dots leqslant c_{n-1}$ and $N,N,dots,N$ ($n$ rows in total)respectively. Count the skew Young tableaux of the shape $musetminus lambda$. On one hand, the number of such tableaux is known (see Okounkov, A., Olshanski, G.: Shifted Schur functions. St. Petersburg Math. J. 9(2), 73–146 (1997), Theorem 8.1) to be equal to $$frac{(Ncdot n-sum c_i)!}{prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (N+i)!}cdot prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (c_i+i)!cdot detleft(binom{N+i}{c_j+j}right)_{i,j=0}^{n-1}.$$
On the other hand, it is the same as the number of usual Young tableaux of the shape $(N-c_0,dots,N-c_{n-1})$, which may be evaluated by Hook Length Formula as
$$
frac{(Ncdot n-sum c_i)!}{prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (N-c_{n-i-1}+i)!}cdot prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i).
$$
Therefore
$$
detleft(binom{N+i}{c_j+j}right)_{i,j=0}^{n-1}=\
prod_{i=0}^{n-1}frac{(N+i)!}{(c_i+i)!(N-c_{n-i-1}+i)!}cdot prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i).
$$
It remains to substitute $N=n+1$ and $c_i=i+2$.
We get $$prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i)=2^{n(n-1)/2}prod_{i<j}(j-i)=prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i)=2^{n(n-1)/2}prod_{i=0}^{n-1} i!$$
and the answer rewrites as
$$
frac{1!2!dots (n-1)! (n+1)!dots (2n)!}
{2!4!dots (2n)! 2! 4!dots (2n-2)!}2^{n(n-1)/2}.
$$
Replace $2!4!dots (2n)!$ to $$2cdot 1!cdot 4cdot 3!cdot 6cdot 5!cdot ldotscdot (2n)cdot(2n-1)!=\=2^nn! 1!3!dots (2n-1)!.$$ We get $frac{(2n)!}{n!n!} 2^{n(n-3)/2}$
as supposed.
add a comment |
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Noam Elkies in the comments reduces the problem to evaluating the determinant of $binom{(n+1)+i}{2j+2}$, $i,j=0,1,dots,n-1$. It looks that in general the determinant $binom{N+i}{c_j+j}$, $i,j=0,dots,n-1$ for integers $0leqslant c_0leqslant c_1leqslant dots leqslant c_{n-1}$ may be calculated by the following trick.
Consider the Young diagrams $lambda,mu$ with rows length $c_0leqslant c_1leqslant dots leqslant c_{n-1}$ and $N,N,dots,N$ ($n$ rows in total)respectively. Count the skew Young tableaux of the shape $musetminus lambda$. On one hand, the number of such tableaux is known (see Okounkov, A., Olshanski, G.: Shifted Schur functions. St. Petersburg Math. J. 9(2), 73–146 (1997), Theorem 8.1) to be equal to $$frac{(Ncdot n-sum c_i)!}{prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (N+i)!}cdot prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (c_i+i)!cdot detleft(binom{N+i}{c_j+j}right)_{i,j=0}^{n-1}.$$
On the other hand, it is the same as the number of usual Young tableaux of the shape $(N-c_0,dots,N-c_{n-1})$, which may be evaluated by Hook Length Formula as
$$
frac{(Ncdot n-sum c_i)!}{prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (N-c_{n-i-1}+i)!}cdot prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i).
$$
Therefore
$$
detleft(binom{N+i}{c_j+j}right)_{i,j=0}^{n-1}=\
prod_{i=0}^{n-1}frac{(N+i)!}{(c_i+i)!(N-c_{n-i-1}+i)!}cdot prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i).
$$
It remains to substitute $N=n+1$ and $c_i=i+2$.
We get $$prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i)=2^{n(n-1)/2}prod_{i<j}(j-i)=prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i)=2^{n(n-1)/2}prod_{i=0}^{n-1} i!$$
and the answer rewrites as
$$
frac{1!2!dots (n-1)! (n+1)!dots (2n)!}
{2!4!dots (2n)! 2! 4!dots (2n-2)!}2^{n(n-1)/2}.
$$
Replace $2!4!dots (2n)!$ to $$2cdot 1!cdot 4cdot 3!cdot 6cdot 5!cdot ldotscdot (2n)cdot(2n-1)!=\=2^nn! 1!3!dots (2n-1)!.$$ We get $frac{(2n)!}{n!n!} 2^{n(n-3)/2}$
as supposed.
add a comment |
up vote
4
down vote
Noam Elkies in the comments reduces the problem to evaluating the determinant of $binom{(n+1)+i}{2j+2}$, $i,j=0,1,dots,n-1$. It looks that in general the determinant $binom{N+i}{c_j+j}$, $i,j=0,dots,n-1$ for integers $0leqslant c_0leqslant c_1leqslant dots leqslant c_{n-1}$ may be calculated by the following trick.
Consider the Young diagrams $lambda,mu$ with rows length $c_0leqslant c_1leqslant dots leqslant c_{n-1}$ and $N,N,dots,N$ ($n$ rows in total)respectively. Count the skew Young tableaux of the shape $musetminus lambda$. On one hand, the number of such tableaux is known (see Okounkov, A., Olshanski, G.: Shifted Schur functions. St. Petersburg Math. J. 9(2), 73–146 (1997), Theorem 8.1) to be equal to $$frac{(Ncdot n-sum c_i)!}{prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (N+i)!}cdot prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (c_i+i)!cdot detleft(binom{N+i}{c_j+j}right)_{i,j=0}^{n-1}.$$
On the other hand, it is the same as the number of usual Young tableaux of the shape $(N-c_0,dots,N-c_{n-1})$, which may be evaluated by Hook Length Formula as
$$
frac{(Ncdot n-sum c_i)!}{prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (N-c_{n-i-1}+i)!}cdot prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i).
$$
Therefore
$$
detleft(binom{N+i}{c_j+j}right)_{i,j=0}^{n-1}=\
prod_{i=0}^{n-1}frac{(N+i)!}{(c_i+i)!(N-c_{n-i-1}+i)!}cdot prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i).
$$
It remains to substitute $N=n+1$ and $c_i=i+2$.
We get $$prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i)=2^{n(n-1)/2}prod_{i<j}(j-i)=prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i)=2^{n(n-1)/2}prod_{i=0}^{n-1} i!$$
and the answer rewrites as
$$
frac{1!2!dots (n-1)! (n+1)!dots (2n)!}
{2!4!dots (2n)! 2! 4!dots (2n-2)!}2^{n(n-1)/2}.
$$
Replace $2!4!dots (2n)!$ to $$2cdot 1!cdot 4cdot 3!cdot 6cdot 5!cdot ldotscdot (2n)cdot(2n-1)!=\=2^nn! 1!3!dots (2n-1)!.$$ We get $frac{(2n)!}{n!n!} 2^{n(n-3)/2}$
as supposed.
add a comment |
up vote
4
down vote
up vote
4
down vote
Noam Elkies in the comments reduces the problem to evaluating the determinant of $binom{(n+1)+i}{2j+2}$, $i,j=0,1,dots,n-1$. It looks that in general the determinant $binom{N+i}{c_j+j}$, $i,j=0,dots,n-1$ for integers $0leqslant c_0leqslant c_1leqslant dots leqslant c_{n-1}$ may be calculated by the following trick.
Consider the Young diagrams $lambda,mu$ with rows length $c_0leqslant c_1leqslant dots leqslant c_{n-1}$ and $N,N,dots,N$ ($n$ rows in total)respectively. Count the skew Young tableaux of the shape $musetminus lambda$. On one hand, the number of such tableaux is known (see Okounkov, A., Olshanski, G.: Shifted Schur functions. St. Petersburg Math. J. 9(2), 73–146 (1997), Theorem 8.1) to be equal to $$frac{(Ncdot n-sum c_i)!}{prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (N+i)!}cdot prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (c_i+i)!cdot detleft(binom{N+i}{c_j+j}right)_{i,j=0}^{n-1}.$$
On the other hand, it is the same as the number of usual Young tableaux of the shape $(N-c_0,dots,N-c_{n-1})$, which may be evaluated by Hook Length Formula as
$$
frac{(Ncdot n-sum c_i)!}{prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (N-c_{n-i-1}+i)!}cdot prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i).
$$
Therefore
$$
detleft(binom{N+i}{c_j+j}right)_{i,j=0}^{n-1}=\
prod_{i=0}^{n-1}frac{(N+i)!}{(c_i+i)!(N-c_{n-i-1}+i)!}cdot prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i).
$$
It remains to substitute $N=n+1$ and $c_i=i+2$.
We get $$prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i)=2^{n(n-1)/2}prod_{i<j}(j-i)=prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i)=2^{n(n-1)/2}prod_{i=0}^{n-1} i!$$
and the answer rewrites as
$$
frac{1!2!dots (n-1)! (n+1)!dots (2n)!}
{2!4!dots (2n)! 2! 4!dots (2n-2)!}2^{n(n-1)/2}.
$$
Replace $2!4!dots (2n)!$ to $$2cdot 1!cdot 4cdot 3!cdot 6cdot 5!cdot ldotscdot (2n)cdot(2n-1)!=\=2^nn! 1!3!dots (2n-1)!.$$ We get $frac{(2n)!}{n!n!} 2^{n(n-3)/2}$
as supposed.
Noam Elkies in the comments reduces the problem to evaluating the determinant of $binom{(n+1)+i}{2j+2}$, $i,j=0,1,dots,n-1$. It looks that in general the determinant $binom{N+i}{c_j+j}$, $i,j=0,dots,n-1$ for integers $0leqslant c_0leqslant c_1leqslant dots leqslant c_{n-1}$ may be calculated by the following trick.
Consider the Young diagrams $lambda,mu$ with rows length $c_0leqslant c_1leqslant dots leqslant c_{n-1}$ and $N,N,dots,N$ ($n$ rows in total)respectively. Count the skew Young tableaux of the shape $musetminus lambda$. On one hand, the number of such tableaux is known (see Okounkov, A., Olshanski, G.: Shifted Schur functions. St. Petersburg Math. J. 9(2), 73–146 (1997), Theorem 8.1) to be equal to $$frac{(Ncdot n-sum c_i)!}{prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (N+i)!}cdot prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (c_i+i)!cdot detleft(binom{N+i}{c_j+j}right)_{i,j=0}^{n-1}.$$
On the other hand, it is the same as the number of usual Young tableaux of the shape $(N-c_0,dots,N-c_{n-1})$, which may be evaluated by Hook Length Formula as
$$
frac{(Ncdot n-sum c_i)!}{prod_{i=0}^{n-1} (N-c_{n-i-1}+i)!}cdot prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i).
$$
Therefore
$$
detleft(binom{N+i}{c_j+j}right)_{i,j=0}^{n-1}=\
prod_{i=0}^{n-1}frac{(N+i)!}{(c_i+i)!(N-c_{n-i-1}+i)!}cdot prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i).
$$
It remains to substitute $N=n+1$ and $c_i=i+2$.
We get $$prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i)=2^{n(n-1)/2}prod_{i<j}(j-i)=prod_{i<j} (c_j+j-c_i-i)=2^{n(n-1)/2}prod_{i=0}^{n-1} i!$$
and the answer rewrites as
$$
frac{1!2!dots (n-1)! (n+1)!dots (2n)!}
{2!4!dots (2n)! 2! 4!dots (2n-2)!}2^{n(n-1)/2}.
$$
Replace $2!4!dots (2n)!$ to $$2cdot 1!cdot 4cdot 3!cdot 6cdot 5!cdot ldotscdot (2n)cdot(2n-1)!=\=2^nn! 1!3!dots (2n-1)!.$$ We get $frac{(2n)!}{n!n!} 2^{n(n-3)/2}$
as supposed.
edited 38 mins ago
answered 2 hours ago
Fedor Petrov
46.9k5110217
46.9k5110217
add a comment |
add a comment |
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5
The odd case is easy because $M_{2n-1}$ has an $n times n$ block of zeros at bottom right. In the even case, $M_{2n}$ still has that $n times n$ block of zeros, so its determinant is $(-1)^n$ times the product of the determinants of the $n times n$ blocks at top right and bottom left, which are equal because they are each other's transpose. So it comes down to a determinant of $i choose 2j$ for $i in [n-1,2n]$ and $j in [1,n]$, which must be known.
– Noam D. Elkies
4 hours ago
1
@NoamD.Elkies typo: $iin [n+1,2n]$
– Fedor Petrov
3 hours ago