Are Hungarian and Turkish related?











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I was told by somebody who has lived near Hungary that she thought that Hungarian and Turkish were related, and that their languages are very similar. A brief google search seems to support this, with things like this wikipedia article.



However, that article does say that this grouping is "criticized by some contemporary linguists" and the article doesn't seem to be linked from the main Turkish language page (it is on the Hungarian one though). The main consensus seems to be that Hungarian is more related to Finnish than Turkish as well.



Today, are these considered related languages in terms of origin? And which is Hungarian really closer to, Finnish or Turkish? (Hungary seems ethnically closer to Turkey but it's not quite geographically close to either)










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    down vote

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    I was told by somebody who has lived near Hungary that she thought that Hungarian and Turkish were related, and that their languages are very similar. A brief google search seems to support this, with things like this wikipedia article.



    However, that article does say that this grouping is "criticized by some contemporary linguists" and the article doesn't seem to be linked from the main Turkish language page (it is on the Hungarian one though). The main consensus seems to be that Hungarian is more related to Finnish than Turkish as well.



    Today, are these considered related languages in terms of origin? And which is Hungarian really closer to, Finnish or Turkish? (Hungary seems ethnically closer to Turkey but it's not quite geographically close to either)










    share|improve this question







    New contributor




    Riker is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
    Check out our Code of Conduct.






















      up vote
      1
      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
      1
      down vote

      favorite











      I was told by somebody who has lived near Hungary that she thought that Hungarian and Turkish were related, and that their languages are very similar. A brief google search seems to support this, with things like this wikipedia article.



      However, that article does say that this grouping is "criticized by some contemporary linguists" and the article doesn't seem to be linked from the main Turkish language page (it is on the Hungarian one though). The main consensus seems to be that Hungarian is more related to Finnish than Turkish as well.



      Today, are these considered related languages in terms of origin? And which is Hungarian really closer to, Finnish or Turkish? (Hungary seems ethnically closer to Turkey but it's not quite geographically close to either)










      share|improve this question







      New contributor




      Riker is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.











      I was told by somebody who has lived near Hungary that she thought that Hungarian and Turkish were related, and that their languages are very similar. A brief google search seems to support this, with things like this wikipedia article.



      However, that article does say that this grouping is "criticized by some contemporary linguists" and the article doesn't seem to be linked from the main Turkish language page (it is on the Hungarian one though). The main consensus seems to be that Hungarian is more related to Finnish than Turkish as well.



      Today, are these considered related languages in terms of origin? And which is Hungarian really closer to, Finnish or Turkish? (Hungary seems ethnically closer to Turkey but it's not quite geographically close to either)







      turkish turkic-languages hungarian uralic finno-ugric






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      asked 4 hours ago









      Riker

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          3 Answers
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          Turkish and Hungarian are typologically similar: They are both agglutinating languages with vowel harmony and rather rich vowel inventories.



          They are, to our best knowledge, not genetically related. Hungarian belongs to the Uralic language family including Finnish, Estonian, Sami, and a couple of more languages spoken in Russia. Turkish belongs to the Turkic language family. Many linguists in the past and in the present have speculated about larger language families comprising both Uralic and Turkic, but no demonstrable regular correspondences have been found so far.






          share|improve this answer

















          • 2




            It worth mentioning that "Hungarian is a Turkic language" is still a popular theory in Hungary. It is, of course, completely unfounded and is espoused for ideological reasons, but the situation can be confusing for laypeople.
            – user54748
            3 hours ago










          • @user54748 What ideological reasons do people espouse it for, anyway? I find it kind of surprising that Hungarians would generally want to associate themselves more closely with Turkish peoples (I mean, feel a close cultural and/or historical connection)...?
            – Owen_R
            1 hour ago




















          up vote
          1
          down vote













          Hungarian belongs to the Finno-Ugric subgroup of the Uralic language family, while Turkish belongs to the controversial Altaic language family. Nevertheless, Hungarian has had some kind of contact with Turkic languages, hence the influence in its vocabulary. However language relationship cannot be based on loanwords and contact based influence, but systematic correspondences in phonology (regular sound laws) and grammar. So, Hungarian is undoubtedly closer to Finnish as a member of the same language family, but not closer than what Spanish is to Russian (both Indo-European languages in different subgroups). Hungarian is closer to other Ugric languages which like Finnish and Estonian belong to the Uralic language family.






          share|improve this answer























          • Do you have some evidence regarding how they are similar in more precise terms? (i.e. what kinds of correspondences)
            – Riker
            3 hours ago










          • @Riker Do you refer to Hungarian and Finnish specifically?
            – Midas
            2 hours ago










          • Yes, sorry. That's what I meant.
            – Riker
            2 hours ago










          • @Riker: To get a simple idea you can look at this: helsinki.fi/~jolaakso/f-h-ety.html I will have a look for something on grammar that is not too complicated.
            – Midas
            1 hour ago










          • @Riker: It is hard to get simple when it comes to grammar comparisons. Anyway, here is another paper analyzing grammatical aspects of Finno-Ugric. On page 44 you will also find a tree of the Uralic family. This is going to give you an idea on the linguistic distance between these languages. kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/1811/81543/…
            – Midas
            1 hour ago




















          up vote
          0
          down vote













          From 1541 to 1699, a big part of Hungary was the part of the Ottoman Empire, see Ottoman Hungary. And of course, those 158 years had a great impact on the Hungarian language (and on the culture as well).






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            3 Answers
            3






            active

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            3 Answers
            3






            active

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            active

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            active

            oldest

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            up vote
            3
            down vote













            Turkish and Hungarian are typologically similar: They are both agglutinating languages with vowel harmony and rather rich vowel inventories.



            They are, to our best knowledge, not genetically related. Hungarian belongs to the Uralic language family including Finnish, Estonian, Sami, and a couple of more languages spoken in Russia. Turkish belongs to the Turkic language family. Many linguists in the past and in the present have speculated about larger language families comprising both Uralic and Turkic, but no demonstrable regular correspondences have been found so far.






            share|improve this answer

















            • 2




              It worth mentioning that "Hungarian is a Turkic language" is still a popular theory in Hungary. It is, of course, completely unfounded and is espoused for ideological reasons, but the situation can be confusing for laypeople.
              – user54748
              3 hours ago










            • @user54748 What ideological reasons do people espouse it for, anyway? I find it kind of surprising that Hungarians would generally want to associate themselves more closely with Turkish peoples (I mean, feel a close cultural and/or historical connection)...?
              – Owen_R
              1 hour ago

















            up vote
            3
            down vote













            Turkish and Hungarian are typologically similar: They are both agglutinating languages with vowel harmony and rather rich vowel inventories.



            They are, to our best knowledge, not genetically related. Hungarian belongs to the Uralic language family including Finnish, Estonian, Sami, and a couple of more languages spoken in Russia. Turkish belongs to the Turkic language family. Many linguists in the past and in the present have speculated about larger language families comprising both Uralic and Turkic, but no demonstrable regular correspondences have been found so far.






            share|improve this answer

















            • 2




              It worth mentioning that "Hungarian is a Turkic language" is still a popular theory in Hungary. It is, of course, completely unfounded and is espoused for ideological reasons, but the situation can be confusing for laypeople.
              – user54748
              3 hours ago










            • @user54748 What ideological reasons do people espouse it for, anyway? I find it kind of surprising that Hungarians would generally want to associate themselves more closely with Turkish peoples (I mean, feel a close cultural and/or historical connection)...?
              – Owen_R
              1 hour ago















            up vote
            3
            down vote










            up vote
            3
            down vote









            Turkish and Hungarian are typologically similar: They are both agglutinating languages with vowel harmony and rather rich vowel inventories.



            They are, to our best knowledge, not genetically related. Hungarian belongs to the Uralic language family including Finnish, Estonian, Sami, and a couple of more languages spoken in Russia. Turkish belongs to the Turkic language family. Many linguists in the past and in the present have speculated about larger language families comprising both Uralic and Turkic, but no demonstrable regular correspondences have been found so far.






            share|improve this answer












            Turkish and Hungarian are typologically similar: They are both agglutinating languages with vowel harmony and rather rich vowel inventories.



            They are, to our best knowledge, not genetically related. Hungarian belongs to the Uralic language family including Finnish, Estonian, Sami, and a couple of more languages spoken in Russia. Turkish belongs to the Turkic language family. Many linguists in the past and in the present have speculated about larger language families comprising both Uralic and Turkic, but no demonstrable regular correspondences have been found so far.







            share|improve this answer












            share|improve this answer



            share|improve this answer










            answered 3 hours ago









            jknappen

            9,66322246




            9,66322246








            • 2




              It worth mentioning that "Hungarian is a Turkic language" is still a popular theory in Hungary. It is, of course, completely unfounded and is espoused for ideological reasons, but the situation can be confusing for laypeople.
              – user54748
              3 hours ago










            • @user54748 What ideological reasons do people espouse it for, anyway? I find it kind of surprising that Hungarians would generally want to associate themselves more closely with Turkish peoples (I mean, feel a close cultural and/or historical connection)...?
              – Owen_R
              1 hour ago
















            • 2




              It worth mentioning that "Hungarian is a Turkic language" is still a popular theory in Hungary. It is, of course, completely unfounded and is espoused for ideological reasons, but the situation can be confusing for laypeople.
              – user54748
              3 hours ago










            • @user54748 What ideological reasons do people espouse it for, anyway? I find it kind of surprising that Hungarians would generally want to associate themselves more closely with Turkish peoples (I mean, feel a close cultural and/or historical connection)...?
              – Owen_R
              1 hour ago










            2




            2




            It worth mentioning that "Hungarian is a Turkic language" is still a popular theory in Hungary. It is, of course, completely unfounded and is espoused for ideological reasons, but the situation can be confusing for laypeople.
            – user54748
            3 hours ago




            It worth mentioning that "Hungarian is a Turkic language" is still a popular theory in Hungary. It is, of course, completely unfounded and is espoused for ideological reasons, but the situation can be confusing for laypeople.
            – user54748
            3 hours ago












            @user54748 What ideological reasons do people espouse it for, anyway? I find it kind of surprising that Hungarians would generally want to associate themselves more closely with Turkish peoples (I mean, feel a close cultural and/or historical connection)...?
            – Owen_R
            1 hour ago






            @user54748 What ideological reasons do people espouse it for, anyway? I find it kind of surprising that Hungarians would generally want to associate themselves more closely with Turkish peoples (I mean, feel a close cultural and/or historical connection)...?
            – Owen_R
            1 hour ago












            up vote
            1
            down vote













            Hungarian belongs to the Finno-Ugric subgroup of the Uralic language family, while Turkish belongs to the controversial Altaic language family. Nevertheless, Hungarian has had some kind of contact with Turkic languages, hence the influence in its vocabulary. However language relationship cannot be based on loanwords and contact based influence, but systematic correspondences in phonology (regular sound laws) and grammar. So, Hungarian is undoubtedly closer to Finnish as a member of the same language family, but not closer than what Spanish is to Russian (both Indo-European languages in different subgroups). Hungarian is closer to other Ugric languages which like Finnish and Estonian belong to the Uralic language family.






            share|improve this answer























            • Do you have some evidence regarding how they are similar in more precise terms? (i.e. what kinds of correspondences)
              – Riker
              3 hours ago










            • @Riker Do you refer to Hungarian and Finnish specifically?
              – Midas
              2 hours ago










            • Yes, sorry. That's what I meant.
              – Riker
              2 hours ago










            • @Riker: To get a simple idea you can look at this: helsinki.fi/~jolaakso/f-h-ety.html I will have a look for something on grammar that is not too complicated.
              – Midas
              1 hour ago










            • @Riker: It is hard to get simple when it comes to grammar comparisons. Anyway, here is another paper analyzing grammatical aspects of Finno-Ugric. On page 44 you will also find a tree of the Uralic family. This is going to give you an idea on the linguistic distance between these languages. kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/1811/81543/…
              – Midas
              1 hour ago

















            up vote
            1
            down vote













            Hungarian belongs to the Finno-Ugric subgroup of the Uralic language family, while Turkish belongs to the controversial Altaic language family. Nevertheless, Hungarian has had some kind of contact with Turkic languages, hence the influence in its vocabulary. However language relationship cannot be based on loanwords and contact based influence, but systematic correspondences in phonology (regular sound laws) and grammar. So, Hungarian is undoubtedly closer to Finnish as a member of the same language family, but not closer than what Spanish is to Russian (both Indo-European languages in different subgroups). Hungarian is closer to other Ugric languages which like Finnish and Estonian belong to the Uralic language family.






            share|improve this answer























            • Do you have some evidence regarding how they are similar in more precise terms? (i.e. what kinds of correspondences)
              – Riker
              3 hours ago










            • @Riker Do you refer to Hungarian and Finnish specifically?
              – Midas
              2 hours ago










            • Yes, sorry. That's what I meant.
              – Riker
              2 hours ago










            • @Riker: To get a simple idea you can look at this: helsinki.fi/~jolaakso/f-h-ety.html I will have a look for something on grammar that is not too complicated.
              – Midas
              1 hour ago










            • @Riker: It is hard to get simple when it comes to grammar comparisons. Anyway, here is another paper analyzing grammatical aspects of Finno-Ugric. On page 44 you will also find a tree of the Uralic family. This is going to give you an idea on the linguistic distance between these languages. kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/1811/81543/…
              – Midas
              1 hour ago















            up vote
            1
            down vote










            up vote
            1
            down vote









            Hungarian belongs to the Finno-Ugric subgroup of the Uralic language family, while Turkish belongs to the controversial Altaic language family. Nevertheless, Hungarian has had some kind of contact with Turkic languages, hence the influence in its vocabulary. However language relationship cannot be based on loanwords and contact based influence, but systematic correspondences in phonology (regular sound laws) and grammar. So, Hungarian is undoubtedly closer to Finnish as a member of the same language family, but not closer than what Spanish is to Russian (both Indo-European languages in different subgroups). Hungarian is closer to other Ugric languages which like Finnish and Estonian belong to the Uralic language family.






            share|improve this answer














            Hungarian belongs to the Finno-Ugric subgroup of the Uralic language family, while Turkish belongs to the controversial Altaic language family. Nevertheless, Hungarian has had some kind of contact with Turkic languages, hence the influence in its vocabulary. However language relationship cannot be based on loanwords and contact based influence, but systematic correspondences in phonology (regular sound laws) and grammar. So, Hungarian is undoubtedly closer to Finnish as a member of the same language family, but not closer than what Spanish is to Russian (both Indo-European languages in different subgroups). Hungarian is closer to other Ugric languages which like Finnish and Estonian belong to the Uralic language family.







            share|improve this answer














            share|improve this answer



            share|improve this answer








            edited 1 hour ago

























            answered 3 hours ago









            Midas

            1,597714




            1,597714












            • Do you have some evidence regarding how they are similar in more precise terms? (i.e. what kinds of correspondences)
              – Riker
              3 hours ago










            • @Riker Do you refer to Hungarian and Finnish specifically?
              – Midas
              2 hours ago










            • Yes, sorry. That's what I meant.
              – Riker
              2 hours ago










            • @Riker: To get a simple idea you can look at this: helsinki.fi/~jolaakso/f-h-ety.html I will have a look for something on grammar that is not too complicated.
              – Midas
              1 hour ago










            • @Riker: It is hard to get simple when it comes to grammar comparisons. Anyway, here is another paper analyzing grammatical aspects of Finno-Ugric. On page 44 you will also find a tree of the Uralic family. This is going to give you an idea on the linguistic distance between these languages. kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/1811/81543/…
              – Midas
              1 hour ago




















            • Do you have some evidence regarding how they are similar in more precise terms? (i.e. what kinds of correspondences)
              – Riker
              3 hours ago










            • @Riker Do you refer to Hungarian and Finnish specifically?
              – Midas
              2 hours ago










            • Yes, sorry. That's what I meant.
              – Riker
              2 hours ago










            • @Riker: To get a simple idea you can look at this: helsinki.fi/~jolaakso/f-h-ety.html I will have a look for something on grammar that is not too complicated.
              – Midas
              1 hour ago










            • @Riker: It is hard to get simple when it comes to grammar comparisons. Anyway, here is another paper analyzing grammatical aspects of Finno-Ugric. On page 44 you will also find a tree of the Uralic family. This is going to give you an idea on the linguistic distance between these languages. kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/1811/81543/…
              – Midas
              1 hour ago


















            Do you have some evidence regarding how they are similar in more precise terms? (i.e. what kinds of correspondences)
            – Riker
            3 hours ago




            Do you have some evidence regarding how they are similar in more precise terms? (i.e. what kinds of correspondences)
            – Riker
            3 hours ago












            @Riker Do you refer to Hungarian and Finnish specifically?
            – Midas
            2 hours ago




            @Riker Do you refer to Hungarian and Finnish specifically?
            – Midas
            2 hours ago












            Yes, sorry. That's what I meant.
            – Riker
            2 hours ago




            Yes, sorry. That's what I meant.
            – Riker
            2 hours ago












            @Riker: To get a simple idea you can look at this: helsinki.fi/~jolaakso/f-h-ety.html I will have a look for something on grammar that is not too complicated.
            – Midas
            1 hour ago




            @Riker: To get a simple idea you can look at this: helsinki.fi/~jolaakso/f-h-ety.html I will have a look for something on grammar that is not too complicated.
            – Midas
            1 hour ago












            @Riker: It is hard to get simple when it comes to grammar comparisons. Anyway, here is another paper analyzing grammatical aspects of Finno-Ugric. On page 44 you will also find a tree of the Uralic family. This is going to give you an idea on the linguistic distance between these languages. kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/1811/81543/…
            – Midas
            1 hour ago






            @Riker: It is hard to get simple when it comes to grammar comparisons. Anyway, here is another paper analyzing grammatical aspects of Finno-Ugric. On page 44 you will also find a tree of the Uralic family. This is going to give you an idea on the linguistic distance between these languages. kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/1811/81543/…
            – Midas
            1 hour ago












            up vote
            0
            down vote













            From 1541 to 1699, a big part of Hungary was the part of the Ottoman Empire, see Ottoman Hungary. And of course, those 158 years had a great impact on the Hungarian language (and on the culture as well).






            share|improve this answer








            New contributor




            Botond is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
            Check out our Code of Conduct.






















              up vote
              0
              down vote













              From 1541 to 1699, a big part of Hungary was the part of the Ottoman Empire, see Ottoman Hungary. And of course, those 158 years had a great impact on the Hungarian language (and on the culture as well).






              share|improve this answer








              New contributor




              Botond is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
              Check out our Code of Conduct.




















                up vote
                0
                down vote










                up vote
                0
                down vote









                From 1541 to 1699, a big part of Hungary was the part of the Ottoman Empire, see Ottoman Hungary. And of course, those 158 years had a great impact on the Hungarian language (and on the culture as well).






                share|improve this answer








                New contributor




                Botond is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
                Check out our Code of Conduct.









                From 1541 to 1699, a big part of Hungary was the part of the Ottoman Empire, see Ottoman Hungary. And of course, those 158 years had a great impact on the Hungarian language (and on the culture as well).







                share|improve this answer








                New contributor




                Botond is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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                share|improve this answer






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                answered 1 hour ago









                Botond

                1011




                1011




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