Krdytkyu

Grècs
Έλληνες

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1^re rangée : Homère • Léonidas • Périclès • Hérodote • Hippocrate.
2^e rangée : Socrate • Platon • Aristote • Alexandre le Grand • Archimède.
3^e rangée : Hypatie • Basile II • Alexis Ier Comnène • Gémiste Pléthon • Le Greco.
4^e rangée : Rigas • Theódoros Kolokotrónis • Laskarina Bouboulina • Geórgios Karaïskákis • Ioánnis Kapodístrias.
5^e rangée : Elefthérios Venizélos • Constantin Cavafy • Georgios Papanicolaou • Makários III • Pýrros Dímas

Populations significatives par région
Grèce	10 000 000 (2011)
États-Unis	1 279 000 à 3 000 000 (2016)^[1]^,^[2]
Chypre	650 000 à 721 000 (2011)^[3]^,^[4]^,^[5]
Royaume-Uni	290 000 à 345 000 (2011)^[6]
Allemagne	395 000 (2011)^[7]
Australie	378 300 (2011)^[8]
Canada	252 960 (2011)^[9]
Albanie	200 000 (2011)^[10]
Ukraine	91 000 (2011)^[11]
Russie	85 640 (2010)^[12]
Italie	30 000 à 200 000 (2013)^[13]^,^[14]^,^[15]
Brésil	50 000^[16]
Afrique du Sud	environ 45 000 (2011)^[17]
France	environ 35 000 (2013)^[18]
Belgique	environ 35 000 (2011)^[19]
Argentine	entre 20 000 et 30 000 (2011)^[20]
Population totale	entre 14 000 000 à 17 000 000^[21]^,^[22]

Autres
Langues	Grec moderne
Religions	Principalement orthodoxie de culture grecque
Ethnies liées	Pontiques, Grikos, Diaspora grecque

Les Grecs (grec moderne : Έλληνες, Éllines) sont un groupe ethnique vivant en Grèce, à Chypre, au sud de l'Albanie (Épire du Nord), de l'Italie, en l'Anatolie et dans d'autres pays autour de la mer Méditerranée. Il existe aussi une diaspora grecque notable établie partout dans le monde^[23].

Des colonies et des communautés grecques ont été établies sur les bords de la mer Méditerranée et de la mer Noire depuis l'Antiquité mais le peuple grec a toujours été centré entre la mer Égée et la mer Ionienne où le grec est parlé depuis l'âge du bronze. Jusqu'au début du XX^e siècle, les Grecs étaient dispersé entre la Péninsule grecque, l'ouest de l'Anatolie, les bords de la mer Noire, l'Égypte et les Balkans, Chypre et Constantinople.

De nos jours, la grande majorité des Grecs vivent en Grèce et dans la république de Chypre. Le génocide grec pontique et l'échange de population entre la Grèce et la Turquie mirent fin à plus d'un millénaire de présence grecque en Asie mineure. Par contre, on peut toujours trouver des communautés grecques dans le sud de l'Italie, le Caucase, le sud de la Russie et l'Ukraine.

Sommaire

1 Histoire

2 Identité

3 Culture

4 Notes

5 Voir aussi

Histoire |

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Identité |

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Culture |

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Notes |

↑ « Total ancestry categories tallied for people with one or more ancestry categories reported 2011–2013 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates », American FactFinder, U.S. Department of Commerce: United States Census Bureau, 2013

↑ « U.S. Relations with Greece », Département d'État des États-Unis, 10 mars 2016(consulté le 18 mai 2016) : « "Today, an estimated three million Americans resident in the United States claim Greek descent. This large, well-organized community cultivates close political and cultural ties with Greece." »

↑ Statistical Service, « Preliminary Results of the Census of Population, 2011 », Republic of Cyprus, Ministry of Finance, Statistical Service, 2003–2016

↑ Cole 2011, Yiannis Papadakis, "Cypriots, Greek", pp. 92–95

↑ « Where are the Greek communities of the world? », themanews.com, Protothemanews.com, 2013

↑ « United Kingdom: Cultural Relations and Greek Community », Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 9 juillet 2013 : « "There are between 40 and 45 thousand Greeks residing permanently in the UK, and the Greek Orthodox Church has a strong presence in the Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain ... There is a significant Greek presence of Greek students in tertiary education in the UK. A large Cypriot community – numbering 250–300 thousand – rallies round the National Federation of Cypriots in Great Britain and the Association of Greek Orthodox Communities of Great Britain." »

↑ « Statistical Yearbook Germany Extract Chapter 2: Population, Families and Living Arrangements in Germany », Statistisches Bundesamt, 14 mars 2013, p. 21

↑ « 2071.0 - Reflecting a Nation: Stories from the 2011 Census, 2012–2013 », Bureau australien des statistiques,‎ 21 juin 2012(lire en ligne)

↑ « Ethnic Origin (264), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey », sur Statistics Canada, 8 mai 2013(consulté le 21 mai 2016)

↑ Jeffries 2002, p. 69: "It is difficult to know how many ethnic Greeks there are in Albania. The Greek government, it is typically claimed, says there are around 300,000 ethnic Greeks in Albania, but most Western estimates are around the 200,000 mark ..."

↑ « Ukraine: Cultural Relations and Greek Community », Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 4 février 2011 : « "There is a significant Greek presence in southern and eastern Ukraine, which can be traced back to ancient Greek and Byzantine settlers. Ukrainian citizens of Greek descent amount to 91,000 people, although their number is estimated to be much higher by the Federation of Greek communities of Mariupol." »

↑ « Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года в отношении демографических и социально-экономических характеристик отдельных национальностей »

↑ « Italy: Cultural Relations and Greek Community », Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 9 juillet 2013 : « "The Greek Italian community numbers some 30,000 and is concentrated mainly in central Italy. The age-old presence in Italy of Italians of Greek descent – dating back to Byzantine and Classical times – is attested to by the Griko dialect, which is still spoken in the Magna Graecia region. This historically Greek-speaking villages are Condofuri, Galliciano, Roccaforte del Greco, Roghudi, Bova and Bova Marina, which are in the Calabria region (the capital of which is Reggio). The Grecanic region, including Reggio, has a population of some 200,000, while speakers of the Griko dialect number fewer that 1,000 persons." »

↑ (it) « Grecia Salentina », Unione dei Comuni della Grecìa Salentina, 2016 : « "La popolazione complessiva dell'Unione è di 54278 residenti così distribuiti (Dati Istat al 31° dicembre 2005. Comune Popolazione Calimera 7351 Carpignano Salentino 3868 Castrignano dei Greci 4164 Corigliano d'Otranto 5762 Cutrofiano 9250 Martano 9588 Martignano 1784 Melpignano 2234 Soleto 5551 Sternatia 2583 Zollino 2143 Totale 54278)." »

↑ Bellinello 1998, p. 53: "Le attuali colonie Greche calabresi; La Grecìa calabrese si inscrive nel massiccio aspromontano e si concentra nell'ampia e frastagliata valle dell'Amendolea e nelle balze più a oriente, dove sorgono le fiumare dette di S. Pasquale, di Palizzi e Sidèroni e che costituiscono la Bovesia vera e propria. Compresa nei territori di cinque comuni (Bova Superiore, Bova Marina, Roccaforte del Greco, Roghudi, Condofuri), la Grecia si estende per circa 233 kmq. La popolazione anagrafica complessiva è di circa 14.000 unità."

↑ Greeks in Brazil « https://web.archive.org/web/20090323095757/http://www.memorialdoimigrante.org.br/historico/index.htm »^{(Archive • Wikiwix • Archive.is • Google • Que faire ?)}, 23 mars 2009

↑ « South Africa: Cultural Relations and Greek Community », Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 4 février 2011 : « "It is difficult to determine the precise number of Greeks due to constant comings and goings, although the estimated figure is above 45,000." »

↑ « France: Cultural Relations and Greek Community », Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 9 juillet 2013 : « "Some 15,000 Greeks reside in the wider region of Paris, Lille and Lyon. In the region of Southern France, the Greek community numbers some 20,000." »

↑ « Belgium: Cultural Relations and Greek Community », Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 28 janvier 2011 : « "Some 35,000 Greeks reside in Belgium. Official Belgian data numbers Greeks in the country at 17,000, but does not take into account Greeks who have taken Belgian citizenship or work for international organizations and enterprises." »

↑ « Argentina: Cultural Relations and Greek Community », Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 9 juillet 2013 : « "It is estimated that some 20,000 to 30,000 persons of Greek origin currently reside in Argentina, and there are Greek communities in the wider region of Buenos Aires." »

↑ Maratou-Alipranti 2013, p. 196: "The Greek diaspora remains large, consisting of up to 4 million people globally."

↑ Clogg 2013, p. 228: "Greeks of the diaspora, settled in some 141 countries, were held to number 7 million although it is not clear how this figure was arrived at or what criteria were used to define Greek ethnicity, while the population of the homeland, according to the 1991 census, amounted to some 10.25 million."

↑ Roberts 2007, p. 171–172, 222

Voir aussi |

Noms des Grecs

Grecs de l'Église d'Antioche

Arvanites

Grècs de Cappadoce

Grecs du Caucase

Chypriotes grecs

Diaspora grecque

Grikos

Grècs musulmans

Pélasges

Pontiques

Romaniotes

Saracatsanes

Portail de la Grèce
Portail de l’anthropologie

[1] « Total ancestry categories tallied for people with one or more ancestry categories reported 2011–2013 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates », American FactFinder, U.S. Department of Commerce: United States Census Bureau, 2013

[2] « U.S. Relations with Greece », Département d'État des États-Unis, 10 mars 2016(consulté le 18 mai 2016) : « "Today, an estimated three million Americans resident in the United States claim Greek descent. This large, well-organized community cultivates close political and cultural ties with Greece." »

[3] Statistical Service, « Preliminary Results of the Census of Population, 2011 », Republic of Cyprus, Ministry of Finance, Statistical Service, 2003–2016

[4] Cole 2011, Yiannis Papadakis, "Cypriots, Greek", pp. 92–95

[5] « Where are the Greek communities of the world? », themanews.com, Protothemanews.com, 2013

[6] « United Kingdom: Cultural Relations and Greek Community », Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 9 juillet 2013 : « "There are between 40 and 45 thousand Greeks residing permanently in the UK, and the Greek Orthodox Church has a strong presence in the Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain ... There is a significant Greek presence of Greek students in tertiary education in the UK. A large Cypriot community – numbering 250–300 thousand – rallies round the National Federation of Cypriots in Great Britain and the Association of Greek Orthodox Communities of Great Britain." »

[7] « Statistical Yearbook Germany Extract Chapter 2: Population, Families and Living Arrangements in Germany », Statistisches Bundesamt, 14 mars 2013, p. 21

[8] « 2071.0 - Reflecting a Nation: Stories from the 2011 Census, 2012–2013 », Bureau australien des statistiques,‎ 21 juin 2012(lire en ligne)

[9] « Ethnic Origin (264), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey », sur Statistics Canada, 8 mai 2013(consulté le 21 mai 2016)

[Jeffries-10] Jeffries 2002, p. 69: "It is difficult to know how many ethnic Greeks there are in Albania. The Greek government, it is typically claimed, says there are around 300,000 ethnic Greeks in Albania, but most Western estimates are around the 200,000 mark ..."

[11] « Ukraine: Cultural Relations and Greek Community », Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 4 février 2011 : « "There is a significant Greek presence in southern and eastern Ukraine, which can be traced back to ancient Greek and Byzantine settlers. Ukrainian citizens of Greek descent amount to 91,000 people, although their number is estimated to be much higher by the Federation of Greek communities of Mariupol." »

[12] « Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года в отношении демографических и социально-экономических характеристик отдельных национальностей »

[13] « Italy: Cultural Relations and Greek Community », Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 9 juillet 2013 : « "The Greek Italian community numbers some 30,000 and is concentrated mainly in central Italy. The age-old presence in Italy of Italians of Greek descent – dating back to Byzantine and Classical times – is attested to by the Griko dialect, which is still spoken in the Magna Graecia region. This historically Greek-speaking villages are Condofuri, Galliciano, Roccaforte del Greco, Roghudi, Bova and Bova Marina, which are in the Calabria region (the capital of which is Reggio). The Grecanic region, including Reggio, has a population of some 200,000, while speakers of the Griko dialect number fewer that 1,000 persons." »

[Grecia-Salentina-14] (it) « Grecia Salentina », Unione dei Comuni della Grecìa Salentina, 2016 : « "La popolazione complessiva dell'Unione è di 54278 residenti così distribuiti (Dati Istat al 31° dicembre 2005. Comune Popolazione Calimera 7351 Carpignano Salentino 3868 Castrignano dei Greci 4164 Corigliano d'Otranto 5762 Cutrofiano 9250 Martano 9588 Martignano 1784 Melpignano 2234 Soleto 5551 Sternatia 2583 Zollino 2143 Totale 54278)." »

[Bellinello-15] Bellinello 1998, p. 53: "Le attuali colonie Greche calabresi; La Grecìa calabrese si inscrive nel massiccio aspromontano e si concentra nell'ampia e frastagliata valle dell'Amendolea e nelle balze più a oriente, dove sorgono le fiumare dette di S. Pasquale, di Palizzi e Sidèroni e che costituiscono la Bovesia vera e propria. Compresa nei territori di cinque comuni (Bova Superiore, Bova Marina, Roccaforte del Greco, Roghudi, Condofuri), la Grecia si estende per circa 233 kmq. La popolazione anagrafica complessiva è di circa 14.000 unità."

[16] Greeks in Brazil « https://web.archive.org/web/20090323095757/http://www.memorialdoimigrante.org.br/historico/index.htm »^{(Archive • Wikiwix • Archive.is • Google • Que faire ?)}, 23 mars 2009

[17] « South Africa: Cultural Relations and Greek Community », Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 4 février 2011 : « "It is difficult to determine the precise number of Greeks due to constant comings and goings, although the estimated figure is above 45,000." »

[18] « France: Cultural Relations and Greek Community », Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 9 juillet 2013 : « "Some 15,000 Greeks reside in the wider region of Paris, Lille and Lyon. In the region of Southern France, the Greek community numbers some 20,000." »

[19] « Belgium: Cultural Relations and Greek Community », Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 28 janvier 2011 : « "Some 35,000 Greeks reside in Belgium. Official Belgian data numbers Greeks in the country at 17,000, but does not take into account Greeks who have taken Belgian citizenship or work for international organizations and enterprises." »

[20] « Argentina: Cultural Relations and Greek Community », Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 9 juillet 2013 : « "It is estimated that some 20,000 to 30,000 persons of Greek origin currently reside in Argentina, and there are Greek communities in the wider region of Buenos Aires." »

[21] Maratou-Alipranti 2013, p. 196: "The Greek diaspora remains large, consisting of up to 4 million people globally."

[22] Clogg 2013, p. 228: "Greeks of the diaspora, settled in some 141 countries, were held to number 7 million although it is not clear how this figure was arrived at or what criteria were used to define Greek ethnicity, while the population of the homeland, according to the 1991 census, amounted to some 10.25 million."

[Roberts1-23] Roberts 2007, p. 171–172, 222

v · m Indo-européen
Langues indo-européennes	.mw-parser-output .sep-liste{font-weight:bold} Albanais · Anatolien · Arménien · Balto-slave · Celte · Germanique · Hellénique · Indo-iranien · Italique · Tokharien
Peuples indo-européens	Albanais · Anatoliens · Arméniens · Balto-Slaves ( Baltes · Slaves) · Celtes · Germains · Helléniques · Indo-Iraniens · Italiques · Scythes · Tokhariens · Thraces
Proto-Indo-Européens	Langue (Vocabulaire · Phonologie (en) · Lois phonétiques (en) · Alternance vocalique · Racines · Noms (en) · Verbes (en)) · Société (en) · Religion
Études indo-européennes	Théorie de l'invasion aryenne · Hypothèse kourgane · Hypothèse arménienne · Hypothèse anatolienne · Théorie glottalique (en)
Archéologie indo-européenne	Culture d'Abashevo · Culture d'Afanasievo · Culture d'Andronovo · Culture de Baden · Culture campaniforme · Culture des catacombes · Culture de Cernavodă · Chasséen · Culture de Chernoles (en) · Culture de la céramique cordée · Culture de Cucuteni-Trypillia · Cultures pontiques

v · m Peuples d’Europe, selon « National Minorities In Europe »
> 50 millions	Russes (Europe et Asie, 122 millions) Allemands (de langue allemande, notamment les Allemands, Autrichiens, mais aussi les Alsaciens, Lorrains, Tyroliens du Sud, la Communauté germanophone de Belgique et les Schleswig du Nord, etc. ; 89,3 millions) Turcs (Asie et Europe, 56,5 millions) Italiens (56,4 millions) Français (de langue française, la Communauté française de Belgique; 55,0 millions)
> 20 millions	Anglais (46,0 millions) Ukrainiens (en incluant les Ruthènes, 43,2) Polonais (38,4) Espagnols (en incluant les Mirandais et Barranquenhos, 31,1) Roumains (en incluant les Moldaves, 23,5) Néerlandais (en incluant les Flamands, 20,7)
> 5 millions	Magyars (11,7) Portugais (en incluant les Galiciens, 11,6) Grecs (11,6) Biélorusses (10,2) Roms (10,0) Tchèques (y compris les Moraviens (en), 9,80) Suédois (8,00) Serbes (7,70) Suisses (7,00) Bulgares (en incluant les Pomaks, 6,70) Catalans (en incluant les Galiciens, 6,40) Irlandais (6,10) Occitans (en incluant les Aranais, 5,95) Tatars (en incluant les Tatars de Crimée, 5,70) Écossais (5,50) Finnois (5,34) Albanais (5,30) Danois (5,10) Slovaques (5,00) Siciliens (en) (5,05)
< 5 millions	Croates Norvégiens Lituaniens Slovènes Tchouvaches Macédoniens slaves Bosniaques Lettons Bachkirs Juifs Sardes Mordves Estoniens Tchétchènes Oudmourtes Caréliens Basques Maris Rhéto-Romans Frioulans Ladins Romanches (en) Monténégrins Avars Gallois Cachoubes Frisons Bretons Ossètes Kabardes Maltais (en) Darguines Aroumains Komi Zyriènes Luxembourgeois Koumyks Lezghiens Islandais Ingouches Gagaouzes Circassiens (Adyguéens) Kalmouks Karatchaïs Komi Permiak Laks Tabassarans Samis Balkars Nogais Sorabes Inuits du Groenland Féroïens Routouls Tats Vepses Tsakhours (en) Karaïmes Izhoriens Ingriens Corniques Mannois (en) Lives Corses Valdôtains Istro-roumains Boyash
Christoph Pan, Beate Sibylle Pfeil, Michael Geistlinger, National Minorities In Europe, Purdue University Press, 2004 (ISBN 978-3700314431) : « The Peoples of Europe by Demographic Size », table 1, p. 11f.

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Grecs

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Voir aussi |

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