Krdytkyu

This question is similar to this question tikz: Distribute evenly and randomly circles (which is also where I got some of the code for this TiKz picture) but is different. I wish to draw multiple circles that do not overlap but some of these circles are different. Currently this is my code:

documentclass{article}

usepackage{tikz}

usepackage[margin=0.5in]{geometry}

newcommand{fillrandomly}[5]{

    xdefxlist{4}

    xdefylist{4}

    pgfmathsetmacrodiametersqr{(#3*2)^2}

    foreach i in {1,...,#4}{

        foreach k in {1,...,20}{

            pgfmathsetmacrox{rnd*#1}

            pgfmathsetmacroy{rnd*#2}

            xdefcollision{0}

            foreach element [count=i] in xlist{

                pgfmathtruncatemacroj{i-1}

                pgfmathsetmacrocheckdistancesqr{ ( ({xlist}[j]-(x))^2 + ({ylist}[j]-(y))^2 ) }

                ifdimcheckdistancesqr pt<diametersqr pt

                    xdefcollision{1}

                    breakforeach

                fi

            }

            ifnumcollision=0

                xdefxlist{xlist,x}

                xdefylist{ylist,y}

                draw (x,y) circle [radius=#3] node[anchor=center] {#5};

                breakforeach

            fi 

        }

    }

}

begin{document}

begin{figure}

begin{tikzpicture}

begin{scope}[xshift=0.2cm,yshift=0.2cm]

fillrandomly{3.6}{3.8}{0.15}{12}{$-$}

fillrandomly{3.6}{3.8}{0.15}{12}{$+$}

end{scope}

        draw (0,5) -- (0,1);

draw (0,1) .. controls (0,0) and (0,0) .. (1,0);

draw (1,0) -- (3,0);

draw (3,0) .. controls (4,0) and (4,0) .. (4,1);

draw (4,1) -- (4,5);

draw[densely dashed] (0,5) .. controls (0,4.5) and (0,4.5) .. (0.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (0.5,4.5) -- (3.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (3.5,4.5) .. controls (4,4.5) and (4,4.5) .. (4,5);

node[anchor=center] at (2,-0.5) {concentrated strong acid};



    begin{scope}[xshift=5cm]

                foreach X in {1,...,3}

            {draw (2+1.8*rand,2+1.9*rand) circle (0.15) node[anchor=center] {$+$};

            draw (2+1.8*rand,2+1.9*rand) circle (0.15) node[anchor=center] {$-$};}

        draw (0,5) -- (0,1);

draw (0,1) .. controls (0,0) and (0,0) .. (1,0);

draw (1,0) -- (3,0);

draw (3,0) .. controls (4,0) and (4,0) .. (4,1);

draw (4,1) -- (4,5);

draw[densely dashed] (0,5) .. controls (0,4.5) and (0,4.5) .. (0.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (0.5,4.5) -- (3.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (3.5,4.5) .. controls (4,4.5) and (4,4.5) .. (4,5);

node[anchor=center] at (2,-0.5) {dilute strong acid};

end{scope}

    begin{scope}[xshift=10cm]

begin{scope}[xshift=0.2cm,yshift=0.2cm]

fillrandomly{3.6}{3.8}{0.15}{8}{$-$}

fillrandomly{3.6}{3.8}{0.15}{8}{$+$}

end{scope}

foreach X in {1,...,8}

{

            draw[fill=black!10]  (2+1.8*rand,2+1.9*rand) circle (0.15);

            }

        draw (0,5) -- (0,1);

draw (0,1) .. controls (0,0) and (0,0) .. (1,0);

draw (1,0) -- (3,0);

draw (3,0) .. controls (4,0) and (4,0) .. (4,1);

draw (4,1) -- (4,5);

draw[densely dashed] (0,5) .. controls (0,4.5) and (0,4.5) .. (0.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (0.5,4.5) -- (3.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (3.5,4.5) .. controls (4,4.5) and (4,4.5) .. (4,5);

node[anchor=center] at (2,-0.5) {concentrated weak acid};

end{scope}

        begin{scope}[xshift=15cm]

                foreach X in {1,...,2}

            {draw (2+1.8*rand,2+1.9*rand) circle (0.15) node[anchor=center] {$+$};

            draw (2+1.8*rand,2+1.9*rand) circle (0.15) node[anchor=center] {$-$};}

            draw[fill=black!10]  (2+1.8*rand,2+1.9*rand) circle (0.15);

        draw (0,5) -- (0,1);

draw (0,1) .. controls (0,0) and (0,0) .. (1,0);

draw (1,0) -- (3,0);

draw (3,0) .. controls (4,0) and (4,0) .. (4,1);

draw (4,1) -- (4,5);

draw[densely dashed] (0,5) .. controls (0,4.5) and (0,4.5) .. (0.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (0.5,4.5) -- (3.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (3.5,4.5) .. controls (4,4.5) and (4,4.5) .. (4,5);

node[anchor=center] at (2,-0.5) {dilute weak acid};

end{scope}

draw[fill=black!10] (0,-1) circle (0.15) node[right=0.1cm] {Unionised};

draw (0,-1.5) circle (0.15) node[anchor=center] {$+$} node[right=0.1cm] {Positive Ion};

draw (0,-2) circle (0.15) node[anchor=center] {$-$} node[right=0.1cm] {Negative Ion}; 

end{tikzpicture}

vspace{-2cm}

caption{Concentrated and dilute solutions of weak and strong acids}

end{figure}

end{document}

Which produces this image:

I am unsure how to stop overlapping between the three different types of circles especially in the first and third beaker counting from the left. XeLaTeX answer please

It is clear why this happens: you draw two or more independent samples, so if you say e.g.

fillrandomly{3.6}{3.8}{0.15}{12}{$-$} 

fillrandomly{3.6}{3.8}{0.15}{12}{$+$} 

the + ions do not know about the - ones. But it is very simple to fix it. Just make the reset of the collision list not part of the fillrandomly, but do it whenever you start a new group. That is, I redefined fillrandomly such that it does not reset the collision list, and added a command resetlists that issues the reset. I also defined an ion style that gets changed along the way such that one can add the filled ions.

documentclass{article}

usepackage{tikz}

usepackage[margin=0.5in]{geometry}

newcommand{resetlists}{xdefxlist{4}xdefylist{4}}

newcommand{fillrandomly}[5]{

    pgfmathsetmacrodiametersqr{(#3*2)^2}

    foreach i in {1,...,#4}{

        foreach k in {1,...,20}{

            pgfmathsetmacrox{rnd*#1}

            pgfmathsetmacroy{rnd*#2}

            xdefcollision{0}

            foreach element [count=i] in xlist{

                pgfmathtruncatemacroj{i-1}

                pgfmathsetmacrocheckdistancesqr{ ( ({xlist}[j]-(x))^2 + ({ylist}[j]-(y))^2 ) }

                ifdimcheckdistancesqr pt<diametersqr pt

                    xdefcollision{1}

                    breakforeach

                fi

            }

            ifnumcollision=0

                xdefxlist{xlist,x}

                xdefylist{ylist,y}

                draw[ion] (x,y) circle [radius=#3] node[anchor=center] {#5};

                breakforeach

            fi 

        }

    }

}

begin{document}

begin{figure}

begin{tikzpicture}

begin{scope}[xshift=0.2cm,yshift=0.2cm]

resetlists

tikzset{ion/.style={}}

fillrandomly{3.6}{3.8}{0.15}{12}{$-$}

fillrandomly{3.6}{3.8}{0.15}{12}{$+$}

end{scope}

        draw (0,5) -- (0,1);

draw (0,1) .. controls (0,0) and (0,0) .. (1,0);

draw (1,0) -- (3,0);

draw (3,0) .. controls (4,0) and (4,0) .. (4,1);

draw (4,1) -- (4,5);

draw[densely dashed] (0,5) .. controls (0,4.5) and (0,4.5) .. (0.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (0.5,4.5) -- (3.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (3.5,4.5) .. controls (4,4.5) and (4,4.5) .. (4,5);

node[anchor=center] at (2,-0.5) {concentrated strong acid};



% 2

begin{scope}[xshift=5cm]

            foreach X in {1,...,3}

        {draw (2+1.8*rand,2+1.9*rand) circle (0.15) node[anchor=center] {$+$};

        draw (2+1.8*rand,2+1.9*rand) circle (0.15) node[anchor=center] {$-$};}

    draw (0,5) -- (0,1);

draw (0,1) .. controls (0,0) and (0,0) .. (1,0);

draw (1,0) -- (3,0);

draw (3,0) .. controls (4,0) and (4,0) .. (4,1);

draw (4,1) -- (4,5);

draw[densely dashed] (0,5) .. controls (0,4.5) and (0,4.5) .. (0.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (0.5,4.5) -- (3.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (3.5,4.5) .. controls (4,4.5) and (4,4.5) .. (4,5);

node[anchor=center] at (2,-0.5) {dilute strong acid};

end{scope}



% 3

begin{scope}[xshift=10cm]

begin{scope}[xshift=0.2cm,yshift=0.2cm]

resetlists

tikzset{ion/.style={}}

fillrandomly{3.6}{3.8}{0.15}{8}{$-$}

fillrandomly{3.6}{3.8}{0.15}{8}{$+$}

tikzset{ion/.style={fill=black!10}}

fillrandomly{3.6}{3.8}{0.15}{8}{}

end{scope}

draw (0,5) -- (0,1);

draw (0,1) .. controls (0,0) and (0,0) .. (1,0);

draw (1,0) -- (3,0);

draw (3,0) .. controls (4,0) and (4,0) .. (4,1);

draw (4,1) -- (4,5);

draw[densely dashed] (0,5) .. controls (0,4.5) and (0,4.5) .. (0.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (0.5,4.5) -- (3.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (3.5,4.5) .. controls (4,4.5) and (4,4.5) .. (4,5);

node[anchor=center] at (2,-0.5) {concentrated weak acid};

end{scope}



%4

begin{scope}[xshift=15cm]

begin{scope}[xshift=0.2cm,yshift=0.2cm]

resetlists

tikzset{ion/.style={}}

fillrandomly{3.6}{3.8}{0.15}{2}{$-$}

fillrandomly{3.6}{3.8}{0.15}{2}{$+$}

tikzset{ion/.style={fill=black!10}}

fillrandomly{3.6}{3.8}{0.15}{1}{}

end{scope}

draw (0,5) -- (0,1);

draw (0,1) .. controls (0,0) and (0,0) .. (1,0);

draw (1,0) -- (3,0);

draw (3,0) .. controls (4,0) and (4,0) .. (4,1);

draw (4,1) -- (4,5);

draw[densely dashed] (0,5) .. controls (0,4.5) and (0,4.5) .. (0.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (0.5,4.5) -- (3.5,4.5);

draw[densely dashed] (3.5,4.5) .. controls (4,4.5) and (4,4.5) .. (4,5);

node[anchor=center] at (2,-0.5) {dilute weak acid};

end{scope}

draw[fill=black!10] (0,-1) circle (0.15) node[right=0.1cm] {Unionised};

draw (0,-1.5) circle (0.15) node[anchor=center] {$+$} node[right=0.1cm] {Positive Ion};

draw (0,-2) circle (0.15) node[anchor=center] {$-$} node[right=0.1cm] {Negative Ion}; 

end{tikzpicture}

vspace{-2cm}

caption{Concentrated and dilute solutions of weak and strong acids}

end{figure}

end{document}