the attributes of files demonstrated by ls -l [duplicate]
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What does each part of the `ls -la` output mean? [duplicate]
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greedy@algorithms:~$ ls -l /
total 2097292
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 11月 28 15:55 bin
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 11月 28 16:34 boot
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 5月 8 2018 cdrom
drwxr-xr-x 20 root root 4540 12月 2 00:40 dev
drwxr-xr-x 135 root root 12288 12月 1 07:32 etc
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 11月 27 20:53 home
what does the second column and the 7th column mean? especially the large number 135?
bash
asked Dec 2 at 1:25
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Dec 6 at 19:01
This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.
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This question already has an answer here:
What does each part of the `ls -la` output mean? [duplicate]
2 answers
I tried
greedy@algorithms:~$ ls -l /
total 2097292
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 11月 28 15:55 bin
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 11月 28 16:34 boot
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 5月 8 2018 cdrom
drwxr-xr-x 20 root root 4540 12月 2 00:40 dev
drwxr-xr-x 135 root root 12288 12月 1 07:32 etc
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 11月 27 20:53 home
what does the second column and the 7th column mean? especially the large number 135?
bash
asked Dec 2 at 1:25
recursivleyGreedy
224
marked as duplicate by muru bash
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Dec 6 at 19:01
This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.
See What is the number between file permission and owner in ls -l command output?
– steeldriver
Dec 2 at 1:32
Steeldriver has already provided a link, but I'd juststat /binto view stats for that directory, and you'll see pretty easily the values & why they are what they are for /bin in thels -l
– guiverc
Dec 2 at 1:59
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up vote
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down vote
favorite
This question already has an answer here:
What does each part of the `ls -la` output mean? [duplicate]
2 answers
I tried
greedy@algorithms:~$ ls -l /
total 2097292
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 11月 28 15:55 bin
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 11月 28 16:34 boot
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 5月 8 2018 cdrom
drwxr-xr-x 20 root root 4540 12月 2 00:40 dev
drwxr-xr-x 135 root root 12288 12月 1 07:32 etc
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 11月 27 20:53 home
what does the second column and the 7th column mean? especially the large number 135?
bash
asked Dec 2 at 1:25
recursivleyGreedy
224
This question already has an answer here:
What does each part of the `ls -la` output mean? [duplicate]
2 answers
I tried
greedy@algorithms:~$ ls -l /
total 2097292
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 11月 28 15:55 bin
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 11月 28 16:34 boot
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 5月 8 2018 cdrom
drwxr-xr-x 20 root root 4540 12月 2 00:40 dev
drwxr-xr-x 135 root root 12288 12月 1 07:32 etc
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 11月 27 20:53 home
what does the second column and the 7th column mean? especially the large number 135?
This question already has an answer here:
What does each part of the `ls -la` output mean? [duplicate]
2 answers
bash
bash
asked Dec 2 at 1:25
recursivleyGreedy
224
asked Dec 2 at 1:25
recursivleyGreedy
224
asked Dec 2 at 1:25
recursivleyGreedy
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asked Dec 2 at 1:25
recursivleyGreedy
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asked Dec 2 at 1:25
recursivleyGreedy
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This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.
See What is the number between file permission and owner in ls -l command output?
– steeldriver
Dec 2 at 1:32
Steeldriver has already provided a link, but I'd juststat /binto view stats for that directory, and you'll see pretty easily the values & why they are what they are for /bin in thels -l
– guiverc
Dec 2 at 1:59
add a comment |
See What is the number between file permission and owner in ls -l command output?
– steeldriver
Dec 2 at 1:32
Steeldriver has already provided a link, but I'd juststat /binto view stats for that directory, and you'll see pretty easily the values & why they are what they are for /bin in thels -l
– guiverc
Dec 2 at 1:59
See What is the number between file permission and owner in ls -l command output?
– steeldriver
Dec 2 at 1:32
See What is the number between file permission and owner in ls -l command output?
– steeldriver
Dec 2 at 1:32
Steeldriver has already provided a link, but I'd just
stat /bin to view stats for that directory, and you'll see pretty easily the values & why they are what they are for /bin in the ls -l– guiverc
Dec 2 at 1:59
Steeldriver has already provided a link, but I'd just
stat /bin to view stats for that directory, and you'll see pretty easily the values & why they are what they are for /bin in the ls -l– guiverc
Dec 2 at 1:59
add a comment |
1 Answer
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The second column shows the number of (hard) links to that file system object.
A regular file has one hard link by default, which would be represented by just its normal file path. More hard links could be added to it with the ln command. Those extra hard links would just be regular files in the file system again, but point to the exact same file on disk as your original file descriptor.
Directories normally have two hard links by default, as they're referenced once by themselves (.) and once as entry from their parent directory. They also have one hard link as parent of each of their subdirectories. So the 135 in your case would mean that your /etc folder should have 133 subdirectories, plus the two default links.
What you label the 7th column is actually the day part of the modification timestamp.
answered Dec 2 at 2:00
Byte Commander
62.6k26169285
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1 Answer
1
active
oldest
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1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
up vote
1
down vote
accepted
The second column shows the number of (hard) links to that file system object.
A regular file has one hard link by default, which would be represented by just its normal file path. More hard links could be added to it with the ln command. Those extra hard links would just be regular files in the file system again, but point to the exact same file on disk as your original file descriptor.
Directories normally have two hard links by default, as they're referenced once by themselves (.) and once as entry from their parent directory. They also have one hard link as parent of each of their subdirectories. So the 135 in your case would mean that your /etc folder should have 133 subdirectories, plus the two default links.
What you label the 7th column is actually the day part of the modification timestamp.
answered Dec 2 at 2:00
Byte Commander
62.6k26169285
add a comment |
up vote
1
down vote
accepted
The second column shows the number of (hard) links to that file system object.
A regular file has one hard link by default, which would be represented by just its normal file path. More hard links could be added to it with the ln command. Those extra hard links would just be regular files in the file system again, but point to the exact same file on disk as your original file descriptor.
Directories normally have two hard links by default, as they're referenced once by themselves (.) and once as entry from their parent directory. They also have one hard link as parent of each of their subdirectories. So the 135 in your case would mean that your /etc folder should have 133 subdirectories, plus the two default links.
What you label the 7th column is actually the day part of the modification timestamp.
answered Dec 2 at 2:00
Byte Commander
62.6k26169285
add a comment |
up vote
1
down vote
accepted
up vote
1
down vote
accepted
The second column shows the number of (hard) links to that file system object.
A regular file has one hard link by default, which would be represented by just its normal file path. More hard links could be added to it with the ln command. Those extra hard links would just be regular files in the file system again, but point to the exact same file on disk as your original file descriptor.
Directories normally have two hard links by default, as they're referenced once by themselves (.) and once as entry from their parent directory. They also have one hard link as parent of each of their subdirectories. So the 135 in your case would mean that your /etc folder should have 133 subdirectories, plus the two default links.
What you label the 7th column is actually the day part of the modification timestamp.
answered Dec 2 at 2:00
Byte Commander
62.6k26169285
The second column shows the number of (hard) links to that file system object.
A regular file has one hard link by default, which would be represented by just its normal file path. More hard links could be added to it with the ln command. Those extra hard links would just be regular files in the file system again, but point to the exact same file on disk as your original file descriptor.
Directories normally have two hard links by default, as they're referenced once by themselves (.) and once as entry from their parent directory. They also have one hard link as parent of each of their subdirectories. So the 135 in your case would mean that your /etc folder should have 133 subdirectories, plus the two default links.
What you label the 7th column is actually the day part of the modification timestamp.
answered Dec 2 at 2:00
Byte Commander
62.6k26169285
answered Dec 2 at 2:00
Byte Commander
62.6k26169285
answered Dec 2 at 2:00
Byte Commander
62.6k26169285
answered Dec 2 at 2:00
Byte Commander
62.6k26169285
62.6k26169285
add a comment |
add a comment |
See What is the number between file permission and owner in ls -l command output?
– steeldriver
Dec 2 at 1:32
Steeldriver has already provided a link, but I'd just
stat /binto view stats for that directory, and you'll see pretty easily the values & why they are what they are for /bin in thels -l– guiverc
Dec 2 at 1:59