Function: $f(x,y) = (x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)$. Find where $f(x,y)=0; f(x,y)>0; f(x,y)<0$ [closed]












0












$begingroup$


I just begin with the 3- dimension function. I dont really understand how to begin with this problem.
Function $$f(x,y)= (x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)$$
Find where $$f(x,y)=0; f(x,y)>0; f(x,y)<0.$$



To find where $$f(x,y)=0$$ i already have the ellipse function $$(x^2)/5 +(y^2)/(5/4)=1$$ and the straight line $$x=1$$ but the other two i dont know how to solve.



Thank you very much.










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closed as off-topic by amWhy, Eevee Trainer, user10354138, Erick Wong, Leucippus Dec 17 '18 at 8:14


This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:


  • "This question is missing context or other details: Please provide additional context, which ideally explains why the question is relevant to you and our community. Some forms of context include: background and motivation, relevant definitions, source, possible strategies, your current progress, why the question is interesting or important, etc." – amWhy, Eevee Trainer, user10354138, Erick Wong, Leucippus

If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
















  • $begingroup$
    if you are on the ellipse, it's clear that those inequalities occur outside the ellipse or inside of it.
    $endgroup$
    – valer
    Dec 16 '18 at 23:23
















0












$begingroup$


I just begin with the 3- dimension function. I dont really understand how to begin with this problem.
Function $$f(x,y)= (x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)$$
Find where $$f(x,y)=0; f(x,y)>0; f(x,y)<0.$$



To find where $$f(x,y)=0$$ i already have the ellipse function $$(x^2)/5 +(y^2)/(5/4)=1$$ and the straight line $$x=1$$ but the other two i dont know how to solve.



Thank you very much.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$



closed as off-topic by amWhy, Eevee Trainer, user10354138, Erick Wong, Leucippus Dec 17 '18 at 8:14


This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:


  • "This question is missing context or other details: Please provide additional context, which ideally explains why the question is relevant to you and our community. Some forms of context include: background and motivation, relevant definitions, source, possible strategies, your current progress, why the question is interesting or important, etc." – amWhy, Eevee Trainer, user10354138, Erick Wong, Leucippus

If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
















  • $begingroup$
    if you are on the ellipse, it's clear that those inequalities occur outside the ellipse or inside of it.
    $endgroup$
    – valer
    Dec 16 '18 at 23:23














0












0








0





$begingroup$


I just begin with the 3- dimension function. I dont really understand how to begin with this problem.
Function $$f(x,y)= (x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)$$
Find where $$f(x,y)=0; f(x,y)>0; f(x,y)<0.$$



To find where $$f(x,y)=0$$ i already have the ellipse function $$(x^2)/5 +(y^2)/(5/4)=1$$ and the straight line $$x=1$$ but the other two i dont know how to solve.



Thank you very much.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




I just begin with the 3- dimension function. I dont really understand how to begin with this problem.
Function $$f(x,y)= (x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)$$
Find where $$f(x,y)=0; f(x,y)>0; f(x,y)<0.$$



To find where $$f(x,y)=0$$ i already have the ellipse function $$(x^2)/5 +(y^2)/(5/4)=1$$ and the straight line $$x=1$$ but the other two i dont know how to solve.



Thank you very much.







functions






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edited Dec 16 '18 at 23:18









Brian Tung

25.8k32554




25.8k32554










asked Dec 16 '18 at 23:13









Vu Thanh PhanVu Thanh Phan

347




347




closed as off-topic by amWhy, Eevee Trainer, user10354138, Erick Wong, Leucippus Dec 17 '18 at 8:14


This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:


  • "This question is missing context or other details: Please provide additional context, which ideally explains why the question is relevant to you and our community. Some forms of context include: background and motivation, relevant definitions, source, possible strategies, your current progress, why the question is interesting or important, etc." – amWhy, Eevee Trainer, user10354138, Erick Wong, Leucippus

If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.







closed as off-topic by amWhy, Eevee Trainer, user10354138, Erick Wong, Leucippus Dec 17 '18 at 8:14


This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:


  • "This question is missing context or other details: Please provide additional context, which ideally explains why the question is relevant to you and our community. Some forms of context include: background and motivation, relevant definitions, source, possible strategies, your current progress, why the question is interesting or important, etc." – amWhy, Eevee Trainer, user10354138, Erick Wong, Leucippus

If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.












  • $begingroup$
    if you are on the ellipse, it's clear that those inequalities occur outside the ellipse or inside of it.
    $endgroup$
    – valer
    Dec 16 '18 at 23:23


















  • $begingroup$
    if you are on the ellipse, it's clear that those inequalities occur outside the ellipse or inside of it.
    $endgroup$
    – valer
    Dec 16 '18 at 23:23
















$begingroup$
if you are on the ellipse, it's clear that those inequalities occur outside the ellipse or inside of it.
$endgroup$
– valer
Dec 16 '18 at 23:23




$begingroup$
if you are on the ellipse, it's clear that those inequalities occur outside the ellipse or inside of it.
$endgroup$
– valer
Dec 16 '18 at 23:23










3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes


















1












$begingroup$

As Brian Tung explained there are 4 regions to check. I will explain why this works.



Since $fcolonmathbb R^2tomathbb R$ is continuous the images of connected subsets connected. In $mathbb R$ an open subset is connected if and only if it is an open interval. So as our regions are connected open subsets of $mathbb R^2$ the images of them under $f$ are open intervals.
Let $R$ be one of the regions. We know that $forall (x,y)in R: f(x,y)ne0$. So as $f(X)$ is an Interval $f(X)subset mathbb R_{>0}$ or $f(X) subsetmathbb R_{<0}$. In words: all Points $(x,y)$ in a region are either positive or negative.



Just calculate one of the values in each region and you know if the whole region is positive or negative.






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    +1. Thanks for filling in the gaps. Though I must say, I'm mildly surprised that this particular aspect was the OP's gap.
    $endgroup$
    – Brian Tung
    Dec 17 '18 at 1:42



















1












$begingroup$

HINT:



2.$f(x,y)gt 0 =(x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)gt 0$is only possible when (x-1) and(x^2+4y^2-5) both are positive or both are negative.
so,this yields,
$$(x-1)gt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)gt 0$$
$$0r,$$
$$(x-1)lt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)lt 0$$



solve these 4 inequality conditions and you will get your second answer.



Now,



3.$f(x,y)lt 0 =(x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)lt 0$is only possible when between (x-1) and(x^2+4y^2-5) one is positive and the other one is negative.



So,this yields,



$$(x-1)gt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)lt 0$$
$$0r,$$
$$(x-1)lt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)gt 0$$
solve these 4 inequality conditions and you will get your third answer.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$





















    1












    $begingroup$

    You've already correctly identified the boundaries of the regions you need to identify:



    enter image description here



    These two curves divide the plane into four regions:




    • inside the ellipse and to the left of the line

    • inside the ellipse and to the right of the line

    • outside the ellipse and to the left of the line

    • outside the ellipse and to the right of the line


    In each region, simply decide whether the first term $x^2+4y^2-5$ is positive or negative, and whether the second term $x-1$ is positive or negative. Then keep in mind how positive and negative terms multiply, and you should have your answer.






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$













    • $begingroup$
      Hi. Thanks for your answer. Can you explain alittle bit more, base on what we have those divided regions and how can they determine the positive or negative value of f(x,y)?
      $endgroup$
      – Vu Thanh Phan
      Dec 16 '18 at 23:44










    • $begingroup$
      It's no different from seeing that for a function of one variable—say, $x^2+x-2$—the function equals $0$ at $x = -2$ and $x = 1$, and realizing that it must be positive or negative in the regions bounded by those points. (In fact, it is positive for $x < -2$, negative for $-2 < x < 1$, and positive again for $x > 1$.) Here, you have already correctly identified the boundaries of the regions in question; I have plotted them in my answer. Within those regions, are those two terms positive or negative?
      $endgroup$
      – Brian Tung
      Dec 17 '18 at 0:09


















    3 Answers
    3






    active

    oldest

    votes








    3 Answers
    3






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    1












    $begingroup$

    As Brian Tung explained there are 4 regions to check. I will explain why this works.



    Since $fcolonmathbb R^2tomathbb R$ is continuous the images of connected subsets connected. In $mathbb R$ an open subset is connected if and only if it is an open interval. So as our regions are connected open subsets of $mathbb R^2$ the images of them under $f$ are open intervals.
    Let $R$ be one of the regions. We know that $forall (x,y)in R: f(x,y)ne0$. So as $f(X)$ is an Interval $f(X)subset mathbb R_{>0}$ or $f(X) subsetmathbb R_{<0}$. In words: all Points $(x,y)$ in a region are either positive or negative.



    Just calculate one of the values in each region and you know if the whole region is positive or negative.






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$













    • $begingroup$
      +1. Thanks for filling in the gaps. Though I must say, I'm mildly surprised that this particular aspect was the OP's gap.
      $endgroup$
      – Brian Tung
      Dec 17 '18 at 1:42
















    1












    $begingroup$

    As Brian Tung explained there are 4 regions to check. I will explain why this works.



    Since $fcolonmathbb R^2tomathbb R$ is continuous the images of connected subsets connected. In $mathbb R$ an open subset is connected if and only if it is an open interval. So as our regions are connected open subsets of $mathbb R^2$ the images of them under $f$ are open intervals.
    Let $R$ be one of the regions. We know that $forall (x,y)in R: f(x,y)ne0$. So as $f(X)$ is an Interval $f(X)subset mathbb R_{>0}$ or $f(X) subsetmathbb R_{<0}$. In words: all Points $(x,y)$ in a region are either positive or negative.



    Just calculate one of the values in each region and you know if the whole region is positive or negative.






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$













    • $begingroup$
      +1. Thanks for filling in the gaps. Though I must say, I'm mildly surprised that this particular aspect was the OP's gap.
      $endgroup$
      – Brian Tung
      Dec 17 '18 at 1:42














    1












    1








    1





    $begingroup$

    As Brian Tung explained there are 4 regions to check. I will explain why this works.



    Since $fcolonmathbb R^2tomathbb R$ is continuous the images of connected subsets connected. In $mathbb R$ an open subset is connected if and only if it is an open interval. So as our regions are connected open subsets of $mathbb R^2$ the images of them under $f$ are open intervals.
    Let $R$ be one of the regions. We know that $forall (x,y)in R: f(x,y)ne0$. So as $f(X)$ is an Interval $f(X)subset mathbb R_{>0}$ or $f(X) subsetmathbb R_{<0}$. In words: all Points $(x,y)$ in a region are either positive or negative.



    Just calculate one of the values in each region and you know if the whole region is positive or negative.






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$



    As Brian Tung explained there are 4 regions to check. I will explain why this works.



    Since $fcolonmathbb R^2tomathbb R$ is continuous the images of connected subsets connected. In $mathbb R$ an open subset is connected if and only if it is an open interval. So as our regions are connected open subsets of $mathbb R^2$ the images of them under $f$ are open intervals.
    Let $R$ be one of the regions. We know that $forall (x,y)in R: f(x,y)ne0$. So as $f(X)$ is an Interval $f(X)subset mathbb R_{>0}$ or $f(X) subsetmathbb R_{<0}$. In words: all Points $(x,y)$ in a region are either positive or negative.



    Just calculate one of the values in each region and you know if the whole region is positive or negative.







    share|cite|improve this answer














    share|cite|improve this answer



    share|cite|improve this answer








    edited Dec 17 '18 at 11:49

























    answered Dec 16 '18 at 23:57









    quiliupquiliup

    1799




    1799












    • $begingroup$
      +1. Thanks for filling in the gaps. Though I must say, I'm mildly surprised that this particular aspect was the OP's gap.
      $endgroup$
      – Brian Tung
      Dec 17 '18 at 1:42


















    • $begingroup$
      +1. Thanks for filling in the gaps. Though I must say, I'm mildly surprised that this particular aspect was the OP's gap.
      $endgroup$
      – Brian Tung
      Dec 17 '18 at 1:42
















    $begingroup$
    +1. Thanks for filling in the gaps. Though I must say, I'm mildly surprised that this particular aspect was the OP's gap.
    $endgroup$
    – Brian Tung
    Dec 17 '18 at 1:42




    $begingroup$
    +1. Thanks for filling in the gaps. Though I must say, I'm mildly surprised that this particular aspect was the OP's gap.
    $endgroup$
    – Brian Tung
    Dec 17 '18 at 1:42











    1












    $begingroup$

    HINT:



    2.$f(x,y)gt 0 =(x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)gt 0$is only possible when (x-1) and(x^2+4y^2-5) both are positive or both are negative.
    so,this yields,
    $$(x-1)gt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)gt 0$$
    $$0r,$$
    $$(x-1)lt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)lt 0$$



    solve these 4 inequality conditions and you will get your second answer.



    Now,



    3.$f(x,y)lt 0 =(x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)lt 0$is only possible when between (x-1) and(x^2+4y^2-5) one is positive and the other one is negative.



    So,this yields,



    $$(x-1)gt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)lt 0$$
    $$0r,$$
    $$(x-1)lt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)gt 0$$
    solve these 4 inequality conditions and you will get your third answer.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$


















      1












      $begingroup$

      HINT:



      2.$f(x,y)gt 0 =(x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)gt 0$is only possible when (x-1) and(x^2+4y^2-5) both are positive or both are negative.
      so,this yields,
      $$(x-1)gt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)gt 0$$
      $$0r,$$
      $$(x-1)lt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)lt 0$$



      solve these 4 inequality conditions and you will get your second answer.



      Now,



      3.$f(x,y)lt 0 =(x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)lt 0$is only possible when between (x-1) and(x^2+4y^2-5) one is positive and the other one is negative.



      So,this yields,



      $$(x-1)gt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)lt 0$$
      $$0r,$$
      $$(x-1)lt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)gt 0$$
      solve these 4 inequality conditions and you will get your third answer.






      share|cite|improve this answer









      $endgroup$
















        1












        1








        1





        $begingroup$

        HINT:



        2.$f(x,y)gt 0 =(x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)gt 0$is only possible when (x-1) and(x^2+4y^2-5) both are positive or both are negative.
        so,this yields,
        $$(x-1)gt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)gt 0$$
        $$0r,$$
        $$(x-1)lt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)lt 0$$



        solve these 4 inequality conditions and you will get your second answer.



        Now,



        3.$f(x,y)lt 0 =(x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)lt 0$is only possible when between (x-1) and(x^2+4y^2-5) one is positive and the other one is negative.



        So,this yields,



        $$(x-1)gt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)lt 0$$
        $$0r,$$
        $$(x-1)lt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)gt 0$$
        solve these 4 inequality conditions and you will get your third answer.






        share|cite|improve this answer









        $endgroup$



        HINT:



        2.$f(x,y)gt 0 =(x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)gt 0$is only possible when (x-1) and(x^2+4y^2-5) both are positive or both are negative.
        so,this yields,
        $$(x-1)gt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)gt 0$$
        $$0r,$$
        $$(x-1)lt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)lt 0$$



        solve these 4 inequality conditions and you will get your second answer.



        Now,



        3.$f(x,y)lt 0 =(x^2+4y^2-5)(x-1)lt 0$is only possible when between (x-1) and(x^2+4y^2-5) one is positive and the other one is negative.



        So,this yields,



        $$(x-1)gt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)lt 0$$
        $$0r,$$
        $$(x-1)lt 0~~~~and~~~~(x^2+4y^2-5)gt 0$$
        solve these 4 inequality conditions and you will get your third answer.







        share|cite|improve this answer












        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer










        answered Dec 16 '18 at 23:29









        Rakibul Islam PrinceRakibul Islam Prince

        988211




        988211























            1












            $begingroup$

            You've already correctly identified the boundaries of the regions you need to identify:



            enter image description here



            These two curves divide the plane into four regions:




            • inside the ellipse and to the left of the line

            • inside the ellipse and to the right of the line

            • outside the ellipse and to the left of the line

            • outside the ellipse and to the right of the line


            In each region, simply decide whether the first term $x^2+4y^2-5$ is positive or negative, and whether the second term $x-1$ is positive or negative. Then keep in mind how positive and negative terms multiply, and you should have your answer.






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$













            • $begingroup$
              Hi. Thanks for your answer. Can you explain alittle bit more, base on what we have those divided regions and how can they determine the positive or negative value of f(x,y)?
              $endgroup$
              – Vu Thanh Phan
              Dec 16 '18 at 23:44










            • $begingroup$
              It's no different from seeing that for a function of one variable—say, $x^2+x-2$—the function equals $0$ at $x = -2$ and $x = 1$, and realizing that it must be positive or negative in the regions bounded by those points. (In fact, it is positive for $x < -2$, negative for $-2 < x < 1$, and positive again for $x > 1$.) Here, you have already correctly identified the boundaries of the regions in question; I have plotted them in my answer. Within those regions, are those two terms positive or negative?
              $endgroup$
              – Brian Tung
              Dec 17 '18 at 0:09
















            1












            $begingroup$

            You've already correctly identified the boundaries of the regions you need to identify:



            enter image description here



            These two curves divide the plane into four regions:




            • inside the ellipse and to the left of the line

            • inside the ellipse and to the right of the line

            • outside the ellipse and to the left of the line

            • outside the ellipse and to the right of the line


            In each region, simply decide whether the first term $x^2+4y^2-5$ is positive or negative, and whether the second term $x-1$ is positive or negative. Then keep in mind how positive and negative terms multiply, and you should have your answer.






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$













            • $begingroup$
              Hi. Thanks for your answer. Can you explain alittle bit more, base on what we have those divided regions and how can they determine the positive or negative value of f(x,y)?
              $endgroup$
              – Vu Thanh Phan
              Dec 16 '18 at 23:44










            • $begingroup$
              It's no different from seeing that for a function of one variable—say, $x^2+x-2$—the function equals $0$ at $x = -2$ and $x = 1$, and realizing that it must be positive or negative in the regions bounded by those points. (In fact, it is positive for $x < -2$, negative for $-2 < x < 1$, and positive again for $x > 1$.) Here, you have already correctly identified the boundaries of the regions in question; I have plotted them in my answer. Within those regions, are those two terms positive or negative?
              $endgroup$
              – Brian Tung
              Dec 17 '18 at 0:09














            1












            1








            1





            $begingroup$

            You've already correctly identified the boundaries of the regions you need to identify:



            enter image description here



            These two curves divide the plane into four regions:




            • inside the ellipse and to the left of the line

            • inside the ellipse and to the right of the line

            • outside the ellipse and to the left of the line

            • outside the ellipse and to the right of the line


            In each region, simply decide whether the first term $x^2+4y^2-5$ is positive or negative, and whether the second term $x-1$ is positive or negative. Then keep in mind how positive and negative terms multiply, and you should have your answer.






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$



            You've already correctly identified the boundaries of the regions you need to identify:



            enter image description here



            These two curves divide the plane into four regions:




            • inside the ellipse and to the left of the line

            • inside the ellipse and to the right of the line

            • outside the ellipse and to the left of the line

            • outside the ellipse and to the right of the line


            In each region, simply decide whether the first term $x^2+4y^2-5$ is positive or negative, and whether the second term $x-1$ is positive or negative. Then keep in mind how positive and negative terms multiply, and you should have your answer.







            share|cite|improve this answer














            share|cite|improve this answer



            share|cite|improve this answer








            edited Dec 16 '18 at 23:33

























            answered Dec 16 '18 at 23:28









            Brian TungBrian Tung

            25.8k32554




            25.8k32554












            • $begingroup$
              Hi. Thanks for your answer. Can you explain alittle bit more, base on what we have those divided regions and how can they determine the positive or negative value of f(x,y)?
              $endgroup$
              – Vu Thanh Phan
              Dec 16 '18 at 23:44










            • $begingroup$
              It's no different from seeing that for a function of one variable—say, $x^2+x-2$—the function equals $0$ at $x = -2$ and $x = 1$, and realizing that it must be positive or negative in the regions bounded by those points. (In fact, it is positive for $x < -2$, negative for $-2 < x < 1$, and positive again for $x > 1$.) Here, you have already correctly identified the boundaries of the regions in question; I have plotted them in my answer. Within those regions, are those two terms positive or negative?
              $endgroup$
              – Brian Tung
              Dec 17 '18 at 0:09


















            • $begingroup$
              Hi. Thanks for your answer. Can you explain alittle bit more, base on what we have those divided regions and how can they determine the positive or negative value of f(x,y)?
              $endgroup$
              – Vu Thanh Phan
              Dec 16 '18 at 23:44










            • $begingroup$
              It's no different from seeing that for a function of one variable—say, $x^2+x-2$—the function equals $0$ at $x = -2$ and $x = 1$, and realizing that it must be positive or negative in the regions bounded by those points. (In fact, it is positive for $x < -2$, negative for $-2 < x < 1$, and positive again for $x > 1$.) Here, you have already correctly identified the boundaries of the regions in question; I have plotted them in my answer. Within those regions, are those two terms positive or negative?
              $endgroup$
              – Brian Tung
              Dec 17 '18 at 0:09
















            $begingroup$
            Hi. Thanks for your answer. Can you explain alittle bit more, base on what we have those divided regions and how can they determine the positive or negative value of f(x,y)?
            $endgroup$
            – Vu Thanh Phan
            Dec 16 '18 at 23:44




            $begingroup$
            Hi. Thanks for your answer. Can you explain alittle bit more, base on what we have those divided regions and how can they determine the positive or negative value of f(x,y)?
            $endgroup$
            – Vu Thanh Phan
            Dec 16 '18 at 23:44












            $begingroup$
            It's no different from seeing that for a function of one variable—say, $x^2+x-2$—the function equals $0$ at $x = -2$ and $x = 1$, and realizing that it must be positive or negative in the regions bounded by those points. (In fact, it is positive for $x < -2$, negative for $-2 < x < 1$, and positive again for $x > 1$.) Here, you have already correctly identified the boundaries of the regions in question; I have plotted them in my answer. Within those regions, are those two terms positive or negative?
            $endgroup$
            – Brian Tung
            Dec 17 '18 at 0:09




            $begingroup$
            It's no different from seeing that for a function of one variable—say, $x^2+x-2$—the function equals $0$ at $x = -2$ and $x = 1$, and realizing that it must be positive or negative in the regions bounded by those points. (In fact, it is positive for $x < -2$, negative for $-2 < x < 1$, and positive again for $x > 1$.) Here, you have already correctly identified the boundaries of the regions in question; I have plotted them in my answer. Within those regions, are those two terms positive or negative?
            $endgroup$
            – Brian Tung
            Dec 17 '18 at 0:09



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